Q.1) Consider the following statements:
1. ELISA test is employed as the first and most basic test for an individual to detect cancer.
2. Almost 50% of human beings have RH (+ve) blood while the remaining have Rh(-ve) blood.
1. ELISA test is employed as the first and most basic test for an individual to detect cancer.
2. Almost 50% of human beings have RH (+ve) blood while the remaining have Rh(-ve) blood.
Select the correct statement using the codes given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
Ans-d
Explanation– Elisa means Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It is very very sensitive test to detect antigen or antibodies in the blood/serum. We use enzyme –substrate reaction and the color change due to it as a process to identify antigen or antibody in it. It is very powerful method and can give presence of protein present even in picograms.
Antigens are infectious agents and their materials inside body. This causes body to produce antibodies to fight against them. If we can detect type of antibody in blood or serum we may detect what kind of antigen is there. Elisa comes thus here as very handy in it.
Elisa is not the basic test of cancer. It is basic test of HIV. So statement 1 is wrong.
You can read about cancer detection tests here.
Q.2) Consider the following vegetables. Which of the following are the roots used as vegetables?
1. Potato
2. Radish
3. Turnip
4. Yam
1. Potato
2. Radish
3. Turnip
4. Yam
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 2 and 4 only
d) 1 and 3 only
a) 1, 2 and 3 only
b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 2 and 4 only
d) 1 and 3 only
Ans- b
Explanation-Potato is a stem tuber. Tubers are parts of plants which stores food. Thus Statement 1 is wrong.
Turnip is a root. You can read more here.
Radish is a root. You can read more here.
Yam is also a root tuber.
Hence option b
Q.3) In which of the following sets of blood groups, blood transfusion is possible?
a) A and O (A donor)
b) B and A (B donor)
c) A and AB (A donor)
d) AB and O (AB donor)
a) A and O (A donor)
b) B and A (B donor)
c) A and AB (A donor)
d) AB and O (AB donor)
Ans- c
Explanation– Blood group O is universal donor and AB is a universal recipient. Being a universal donor, Blood group O can donate blood to all other groups and being a universal recipient blood group AB can accept blood from all other groups.
Thus in all the options, c is the one in which transfusion is possible as AB will receive and A will donate
Q.4) Consider the following plants:
1. Jasmine
2. Sugarcane
3. Turmeric
1. Jasmine
2. Sugarcane
3. Turmeric
Which of the above is/are propagated by vegetative method?
a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans-d
Explanation–Vegetative propagation or vegetative reproduction is the process of multiplication in which a portion of plant body functions as propagates and develops into a new individual without any sexual union or fertilization. All three options can be grown like this.See here
Q.5) Consider the following statements:
1. Dengue is a protozoan disease transmitted by mosquitoes.
2. Retro-orbital pain is not a symptom of Dengue.
3. Drastic Decline in number of blood platelets is found in patients suffering from dengue.
1. Dengue is a protozoan disease transmitted by mosquitoes.
2. Retro-orbital pain is not a symptom of Dengue.
3. Drastic Decline in number of blood platelets is found in patients suffering from dengue.
Select the correct statement using the codes given below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1 and 3 only
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1 and 3 only
Ans- b
Explanation-Dengue is caused by dengue virus. It is malaria which is caused by protozoa. Thus, statement 1 is wrong.
Retro orbital pain or pain behind the eyes is one of the symptom of Dengue. See here. Statement 2 is wrong.
Dengue is disease in which platlets get greatly reduced. Thus statement 3 is correct.
Q.6) In the case of a ‘test-tube baby’?
a) fertilization takes place inside the test tube
b) development of the baby takes place inside the test tube
c) fertilization takes place outside the mother’s body
d) unfertilized egg develops inside the test tube
a) fertilization takes place inside the test tube
b) development of the baby takes place inside the test tube
c) fertilization takes place outside the mother’s body
d) unfertilized egg develops inside the test tube
Ans– c
Explanation– A test tube baby is the term that refers to a child that is conceived outside the woman’s body. The process is also referred to as “in vitro” (outside the body) fertilization
Q.7) Which one of the following is the most important characteristic of water to act as a good solvent?
a) Purity of water
b) Ionizing power of water
c) Polar nature of water
d) Dissolving power of water
a) Purity of water
b) Ionizing power of water
c) Polar nature of water
d) Dissolving power of water
Ans- c
Explanation- This is because of polar nature of water molecule. Water molecule has uneven distribution of electron density. Water has a partial negative charge near the oxygen atom due the unshared pairs of electrons, and partial positive charge on hydrogen atoms. This makes it polar and it is able to act as a good solvent
Q.8) Which of the following statements regarding carbon dioxide is/are correct?
1. It is prepared on large scale by the action of water on lime.
2. In the solid form it can be used as a refrigerant.
1. It is prepared on large scale by the action of water on lime.
2. In the solid form it can be used as a refrigerant.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
Ans– b
Explanation– Carbon dioxide is prepared on the large scale by heating of calcium carbonate at 850 degree celcius. Action of water on lime produces calcium hydroxide. Statement 1 is wrong.
Carbon dioxide is used as a refrigent under name dry ice
Q.9) Sulphuric acid is used in the manufacture of:
1. Fertilizers
2. Dyestuff intermediates
3. Pigments and paints
4. Storage batteries
1. Fertilizers
2. Dyestuff intermediates
3. Pigments and paints
4. Storage batteries
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans-d
Explanation– Sulphuric acid is known as king of all chemicals because of wide applications of it. All options find use of it.See this. Sulphuric acid is used as an important ingredient in textile dyes and in leather industry dyes
Q.10) Which of the following statements is/are true regarding a light wave travelling from air to glass?
1. Its frequency remained unchanged.
2. Its speed changes.
1. Its frequency remained unchanged.
2. Its speed changes.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
Ans–c
Explanation– This is process of refraction being talked about. In refraction speedand wavelength of light changes as shown here. Frequency remains unchanged. This is because the electric and magnetic fields have to remain continuous at the refractive index boundary.
Q11.)Which of the following have been the reasons for opposition to Bt crops in India?
- Bt crops have been created by inserting a gene from soil bacteria into its genome
- There is a feeling that Bt toxin may get activates in the body and may cause leaky gut syndrome.
- The seeds of Bt crops such as Bt Brinjal are terminator seeds and require buying seeds every season again and again
- Introduction of Bt crops may affect bio diversity
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
Ans– b
Explanation-
Statement 1 is correct. Bt means Bacillus thuringiensis which is a gram positive soil dwelling bacteria. See here.
Statement 2 is correct Bt toxins harms the digestive system by effectively attacking normal gut cells and making holes in the intestines. This can cause problems such as leaky gut syndrome. See here
Statement 3 is wrong. It is just a myth which is not proven yet for case of Bt brinjal. See thisHindu article.
Statement 4 is correct as Bt crops can affect Bio-diversity
Q.12) In contxt of Multiple Drug Resistant bacteria, consider the following statements
- Improper use of antibiotics leads to the rise of MDR Bacteria
- MDR Bacteria only harms those people who make improper use of antibiotics
- MDR is a concern because very little advances have been made in invention of newer anti biotics.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only
Ans-c
Explanation- Statement 1 is right. Improper use of antibiotics lead to rise of MDR bacteria as it becomes resistant to it.
Statement 2 is wrong as MDR bacteria can affect anyone.
Statement 3 is true as this is becoming one of the biggest challenge of health industry. Check here
Q.13) Consider the following statements
- Blue color of the sky is due to the process of refraction of light.
- The ocean looks blue because red, orange and yellow (long wavelength light) are absorbed more strongly by water than the blue color.
Select the correct statements from the choices given below –
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2.
d) Neither 1 Nor 2
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2.
d) Neither 1 Nor 2
Ans- b
Explanation- Blue color of the sky is due to the scattering of the light. This youtube video explains it brilliantly this process. Statement 1 is wrong thus as it is talking about refraction.
Statement 2 is correct. Particular color of the object is due to the reflection of that color from it. Rest colors are absorbed by this. Ocean water absorb red orange and yellow. Check this scientific American link.
Q.14) With reference to pesticides and insecticides, consider the following statements :
1. Both pesticides and insecticides kill by poisoning, suffocating or paralyzing
2. Pesticides are a subgroup of insecticides that are specifically used for killing pests
2. Pesticides are a subgroup of insecticides that are specifically used for killing pests
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans-a
Explanation- Statement 1 is right as action mechanism of insecticide and pesticide work through by poisoning, suffocating or paralyzing only.
Statement 2 is wrong. Insecticides are subgroups of pesticides and not vice versa. Check this.
Q.15) There are four fundamental forces in the universe
1. Gravitational force
2. Electromagnetic force
3. Strong nuclear force
4. Weak nuclear force
Arrange these forces in the order from strongest to weakest using the following codes:
a) 3,1,2,4
b) 3,2,1,4
c) 3,2,4,1
d) 3,4,1,2
b) 3,2,1,4
c) 3,2,4,1
d) 3,4,1,2
Ans- c
Explanation- Decresing order of arrangement of forces are:
- The Strong ForceResponsible for binding of nuclei. It is the strongest force in nature. This force is so strong that it binds and stabilize the protons of similar charges within a nucleus. However, it is very short range.
- The Electromagnetic Force
Force between particles which have an electric charge. For example, negatively chared electrons bind nucleus of an atom, due to the presence of positively charge protons. The force is long range, in principle extending over infinite distance. However, the strength can quickly diminishes due to shielding effect. - The Weak Force This force is responsible for beta decay and other other decay processes involving fundamental particles. The range of this force is smaller than 1 fm and is 10-7 weaker than the strong force.
- The Gravitational Force
Force which holds us onto the Earth is gravitational force. On the scale of atomic world it is of negligible. Gravitational force can extended to infinity. Larger the body the stronger the gravitational force. But on the scale of individual particles, the force is extremely small, in the order of 10-38times that of the strong force.
Q.16) Recombinant DNA technology allows genes to be transferred
1. Across different species of plant
2. From animals to plants
3. From microorganisms to higher organisms
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
b) 2 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans- d
Explanation- Statement 1 is correct. As you can see in this, donor and receiver are different species of plants.
Statement 2 is correct. As this article says,
“In 1953, scientists discovered the structure of DNA, and in 1972, researchers developed a method for cutting and splicing DNA. That method became known as recombinant DNA, or rDNA, because it enabled scientists to cut and recombine segments of DNA. Since then, researchers have learned how to move genetic material in the form of DNA from one plant or animal to another. They can also take DNA from an animal and place it in a plant, and vice versa.”
Above link proof statement 3 is correct too
Q.17) Brazil is considered to be the world’s first sustainable biofuel economy where ethanol is
used to fuel cars. It is derived from
a) potatoe
b) rice
c) wheat
d) sugarcane
b) rice
c) wheat
d) sugarcane
Ans– d
Explanation– Brazil is considered to be the world’s first sustainable biofuels economy. Ethanol for fuel is obtained from the fermentation of the sugarcane. You can read it here .
Q.18) If both husband and wife have blood group A, then their child cannot have which of the following blood group?a) A
b) O
c) AB
d) None
b) O
c) AB
d) None
Ans- [C]
Explanation-
| Blood Group | Antigen |
| A | Has only A antigen on red cells (and B antibody in the plasma) |
| B | Has only B antigen on red cells (and A antibody in the plasma) |
| AB | Has both A and B antigens on red cells (but neither A nor B antibody in the plasma) |
| O | Has neither A nor B antigens on red cells (but both A and B antibody are in the plasma) |
Blood group is determined by the antigen present on RBC. As you can see, blood group A has only antigen A on RBCs. Therefore, baby of both the parents will either have antigen A on its blood cells or no antigen on it because antigen B is absent in both the parents.
Thus, either it will have blood group A or O. It can not have blood group B or AB.
Q.19) Bio-digester toilets are hailed as a solution to many of our problems. Which of the following statements about bio-digester toilets is correct?
- They use aerobic bacteria
- They require no or very low maintenance
- They use less water
Select the correct statement using the codes given below.
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans- [ C]
Explanation– Biodigester toilets use anaerobic bacteria like Clostridium and Methanosarcina. Anaerobic bacteria don’t need oxygen to carry out biochemical reactions. They were found in Antarctica when DRDO sent scientists under India’s 13th Antarctic Mission in 1994 to look for microorganisms that can break down excreta. This was required for the military posted in higher altitude snow covered areas where deep pits were dug out and all excreta was collected. Afterwards it was dropped in plains or incinerated which required labor, cost and did pollution. Biodigester solved all this problem.
Excreta or faecal matter contains carbohydrates, protein and fats. In the first step, bacteria converts them into simple sugars, amino acids and fatty acids. In the next step, these break to form carbonic acid, alcohols, hydrogen and water. In the third step, acetic acid, hydrogen and carbon dioxide is formed and finally methane, carbon dioxide and water are formed. Methane can be used for cooking while water for irrigation. These series of stepss are called as- hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis.
These toilets don’t require any sewerage system and once bacteria are embedded in biodigesters, they can work for very long time without maintenance.
Hence statement 2 and 3 are correct.
You can see biodigester toilet below in image.
Q.20) Which of these technologies requires line of sight for communication?
- Bluetooth
- Wi-fi
- Near field communication
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) None of the above
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) None of the above
Ans- [D]
Explanation– Line of sight communication is a type of propagation of signals that can transmit and receive data only where transmit and receive stations are in view of each other without any sort of an obstacle between them.
NFC or near field communication, Wifi and Bluetooth don’t require such line of sight. FM radio, microwave and satellite transmission are examples of line-of-sight communication.
Q.21) Consider the following statements:
- During the process of osmosis, the solvent travels from the concentrated solution to the dilute solution.
- In the reverse osmosis, external pressure is applied to the dilute solution.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans- [D]
Explanation- Statement 1 is wrong as in osmosis solvent molecules moves from low concentration solution to higher concentration solution through a semipermeable membrane.
Statement 2 is also wrong as in reverse osmosis external pressure is applied to the higher concentration solution. SOlvent in this case move from concentrated solution to dilute solution. External pressure applies is above the osmotic pressure.
Q.22) Hard water is not suitable for
- Drinking
- Washing cloth with soap
- Use in boilers
- Irrigating crops
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1, 2 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1, 2 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans-[D]
Explanation- Hard water is that water which contains salts of calcium and magnesium principally as bicarbonates, chlorides, and sulfates. Ferrous iron may also be present in this water. This hardness is of two types, temporary and permanent.
Hardness that is caused by calcium bicarbonate is known as temporary, because boiling converts the bicarbonate to the insoluble carbonate; hardness from the other salts is called permanent.
This hard water is unfit for drinking as salt presents reacts with acids in stomach and cause digestive disorders.
These salts of hard water forms an insoluble gelatinous curd on reaction with soap and lather formation doesn’t occur and as such they are not fit for washing clothes even.
This water is unsuitable for boilers as calcium and magnesium in hard waters form a hard, adherent scale on the plates. As a result fuel consumption is increased, and the boiler deteriorates rapidly through increased external overheating.
Hard water is unsuitable for crops as salts present disturbs the normal chemistry of soil and clogs the irrigation channel pathways of plants.
Q.23) Which of the following pairs are matched Incorrectly?
Disease Cause
1) Minamata Disease Cadmiun Poisioning
2) Blue Baby Syndrom Nitrate Contamination
3) Itai Itai Disease Mercury Poisoning
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 only
b) 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
a) 1 only
b) 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans- [C] Explanation– Minamata diseases is caused by mercury poisoning. Blue baby syndrome is caused by nitrate contamination of groundwater and itai itai is cadmium poisoning disease. Only blue baby syndrome is correctly matched, hence ans is C.
Q.24) Rainbow is produced when sunlight falls on drops of rain. Which of the following physical phenomena are responsible for this?
- Dispersion
- Refraction
- Internal reflection
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d)
Explanation– The separation of visible light into its different colors is known as dispersion. As you can see in above figure, all three phenomenon happens when a rainbow is formed.
Q.25) Ionosphere facilitates radio communication because of
- Presence of ozone causes the reflection of radio waves to Earth.
- Radio waves have a very long wavelength.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above
Ans-[B]
Explanation- Statement 1 is wrong. Ionosphere contains charged particles due to which electromagnetic radio waves gets reflected and communication becomes possible. It is not due to ozone. Ozone is found mainly in Stratosphere and in traces in troposphere. It’s main function is absorption of UV rays. Statement 2 is right. You can see wavelength of Radio waves is in metres to kilometres.
Q.26) Various vitamin deficiency causes different diseases. In this regard which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
- Niacin : Cheliosis
- Thiamine : Pellagra
- Retinol : Xerophthalmia
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) None
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) None
Ans- [C]
Explanation – Cheliosis is crack on outside of lips, a condition commonly caused by a deficiency of riboflavin, or vitamin B-2.
Pellagra is a vitamin deficiency disease caused by lack of niacin( vitamin B3 ). Thiamine is Vitamin B-1. Xerophthalmia is drying of tear glands caused due to deficiency of vitamin A ( retinol ) .
Q.27) Consider the following statements about antimicrobial resistance:
- It is a natural phenomena.
- Indiscriminate use of antibiotics leads to antimicrobial resistance.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans- [B]
Explanation– Antibiotics resistance is not a natural phenomenon. This is due to large indiscriminate and unregulated use of antibiotics.
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